This highly researched course examines what money laundering and terrorist financing are, what they involve, explores the new obliged entities in the crypto asset sphere and provides a broad overview of the essential concepts of blockchain technology, a deep explanation of what bitcoin is, anonymity, pseudonymity on blockchains, what tokens and cryptocurrencies are, and the processing of transactions on blockchain ledgers with reference to popular cryptocurrencies and blockchain protocols. At the same time, the course provides the risks and challenges of the increased use of cryptocurrencies by which illegitimate activities can be made.